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Browsing Centers by Author "Garoupa, Nuno"
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Item Behavior, Human Capital and the Formation of Gangs(KYKLOS, 2010-11) Dnes, Antony William; Garoupa, NunoIn this paper, we examine the street gang as a special case of the dysfunctional social group, the members of which are often regarded as exhibiting apparently irrational behavior. Individuals in this setting have nuisance value for the rest of society and engage in considerable risk taking for the benefit of the group. We focus on the formation of street gangs but do indicate possible extensions of our analysis to other gang-like groups, which could include collusive business interests, terrorist cells, and even sports hooligans.Item Externality and Organizational Choice in Franchising(Journal of Economics and Business, 2005-01) Dnes, Antony William; Garoupa, NunoIn this paper, we examine some implications of externality for the organization of firms. The need to control externality explains the selection, at the level of the chain, of full integration, dealerships or franchising systems, or systems of dual distribution where company and franchised outlets operate simultaneously, in preference to unrestricted retailing. We show that there could be a trade-off between managerial motivation and effective controlling of externality. This trade-off can explain the selection of particular organizational structures within franchising. In particular, non-separable externality, where the value of the externality depends upon characteristics of both the generating and affected unit, is costly to control contractually and could encourage integration.